The season finale of The Vow on HBO aired Sunday, leaving viewers with questions on what occurred to NXIVM’s key gamers, together with Keith Raniere, Allison Mack, Nancy Salzman, Lauren Salzman, India Oxenberg, and Clare Bronfman.
The documentary sequence, about an alleged intercourse cult and multi-level advertising scheme masquerading as a self-help program, ended its first season with the arrest of Keith Raniere. Raniere was the chief of NXIVM and its varied subgroups, together with DOS, a secret girls’s group that assigned its members “grasp” and “slave” roles and branded their pelvic areas with Raniere’s initials.
HBO has renewed The Vow for a second season, to air in 2021, and the Season 1 finale hints that each Raniere and Salzman might have participated within the new episodes; within the finale, a girl who seems to be Salzman is proven carrying a home arrest ankle monitor, and the episode’s remaining scene includes a voice recording of Raniere, apparently agreeing from jail to speak about NXIVM for a documentary. In accordance with HBO, Season 2 will function revelations from the group’s supporters and defectors, and can heart on Keith Raniere’s trial and supreme conviction of crimes together with intercourse trafficking, pressured labor conspiracy, racketeering, and manufacturing and possession of kid pornography. On Oct. 27, Raniere was sentenced to 120 years in prison.
The Vow Review: HBO’s NXIVM Doc Offers an Eye-Opening Look at the Chilling Cult
Viewers do not have to attend for extra episodes of The Vow to study what occurred to NXIVM’s interior circle. This is a have a look at every of the important thing gamers:
Keith Raniere
NXIVM chief Keith Raniere, proven in an episode of HBO’s docuseries The Vow
Keith Raniere, 60, has been sentenced to 120 years in jail for intercourse trafficking and different crimes.
The Vow‘s Season 1 finale ends with Raniere, additionally identified to NXIVM members as “Vanguard,” being arrested in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico, in March 2018 on charges together with intercourse trafficking.
The primary season of the docuseries would not element the dramatic circumstances surrounding Raniere’s arrest; nonetheless, Lauren Salzman testified in courtroom that Mexican authorities interrupted Raniere’s plans for a “recommitment ceremony” involving group intercourse with a number of of the first-line “masters” in Dominus Obsequious Sororium (DOS), the secretive girls’s membership inside NXIVM. (The Latin identify is roughly translated as “grasp over slave girls,” and Raniere was the sect’s “grandmaster.”) In accordance with the Albany-based newspaper The Times-Union, Salzman testified that when officers burst into the resort the place the group was staying, Raniere hid in a walk-in closet. “It by no means occurred to me that I might select Keith — and Keith would select Keith,” Salzman stated in courtroom.
In Might of 2018, Raniere pleaded not responsible to charges together with intercourse trafficking, intercourse trafficking conspiracy, and compelled labor conspiracy; his attorneys told NBC News that “all the pieces was consensual.” Raniere was held with out bail as a result of he was deemed to be a flight threat. In March of 2019, prosecutors accused Raniere, who’s now 60, of getting intercourse with a 15-year-old woman, The New York Times reported. He was charged with “coercing a baby to interact in sexual conduct to provide visible depictions of it, and of possessing baby pornography between 2005 and 2018,” in keeping with Reuters.
Raniere’s high-profile trial started in Brooklyn’s Federal District Court docket in Might 2019. In June, after deliberating for less than five hours, a jury discovered Raniere responsible on all counts. He was convicted of intercourse trafficking, pressured labor, manufacturing and possession of kid pornography, racketeering, and wire fraud.
Ready for his sentence, Raniere maintained his innocence, telling Dateline NBC that he apologizes for collaborating in a corporation that brought about “ache and struggling,” however stated he isn’t responsible of any crimes. “I’m harmless,” Raniere stated within the jailhouse interview. “This can be a horrible tragedy with many, many individuals being harm. There’s a horrible injustice right here. And whether or not you suppose I am the satan or not, the justice course of needs to be examined. … I’ve clearly participated. I have been the chief of the neighborhood. And it has come to this. Even whether it is by oppression, I’m completely sorry and pained. This can be a horrible state of affairs.”
On Oct. 27, 2020, Senior U.S. District Court docket Choose Nicholas Garaufis sentenced Raniere to 120 years in jail and ordered him to pay a fine of $1,750,000, calling the NXIVM founder “ruthless and unyielding” in “significantly egregious” crimes that focused ladies and younger girls, the Associated Press reported.
The sentencing was handed down after a morning of listening to statements from 15 of Raniere’s victims, together with sisters who turned concerned with him once they had been youngsters. “I nonetheless hear his voice in my head, and it continues to be a each day wrestle,” stated one girl, who was 15 years outdated when Raniere started preying on her. The lady’s older sister, who was 16 when she turned concerned with Raniere, was confined to a room for practically two years after she kissed one other man. “You abused my harmless physique, (messed) with my thoughts, and turned my household in opposition to me,” she stated, per the Albany Times-Union.
In the course of the sentencing, Raniere advised the courtroom, “I do consider I’m harmless of the costs. It’s true I’m not remorseful of the crimes I don’t consider I dedicated in any respect.”
Allison Mack
Allison Mack departs the U.S. Jap District Court docket in Brooklyn after a bail listening to on Might 4, 2018.
Allison Mack, 38, is ready to be sentenced for racketeering and racketeering conspiracy. She faces as much as 40 years in jail (20 years for every depend) and a most effective of $250,000.
Allison Mack, the 38-year-old actress greatest identified for her Smallville position as younger Clark Kent’s buddy Chloe was, by many accounts, Keith Raniere’s prime lieutenant within the NXIVM secret sorority DOS. The docuseries accuses Mack of recruiting girls to be “slaves”; forcing them handy over compromising materials together with nude photographs as “collateral” and blackmailing them to maintain them obedient; placing them on excessive weight-loss regimes and assigning them “penance” for errors; and initiating rituals that used a cauterizing pen, with out anesthesia, to model them with a logo that comes with Raniere’s initials and her personal with out their consent.
The Vow Season 1 finale exhibits Mack getting ready to observe the authorities who arrested Raniere on the group’s hideout in Mexico in March 2018. In April 2018, Mack herself was arrested in Brooklyn by the FBI on prices of intercourse trafficking, intercourse trafficking conspiracy, and compelled labor conspiracy. Shortly thereafter, she pleaded not responsible to all charges and was launched to her mother and father’ custody on $5 million bail, NBC News reported on the time.
In Might 2018, The New York Times Magazine revealed a function after being given a uncommon tour of NXIVM management and operations earlier within the yr, earlier than the arrests. Within the story, Mack defended DOS’s “grasp/slave” dynamic and took full duty for creating the branding ritual, explaining, “I used to be like: ‘Y’all, a tattoo? Folks get drunk and tattooed on their ankle ‘BFF,’ or a tramp stamp. I’ve two tattoos they usually imply nothing.’ ”
In April 2019, a yr after she first pleaded not responsible, Mack reversed her plea simply hours earlier than jury choice was set to start, taking a deal that allowed her to keep away from going to trial with Raniere and Clare Bronfman, the Associated Press reported. Throughout her listening to, Mack pleaded responsible to racketeering and racketeering conspiracy, tearfully admitted to her crimes — together with acquiring “collateral” from girls and threatening to make it public in the event that they disobeyed her — and apologized to the ladies who had been exploited by NXIVM. “I believed Keith Raniere’s intentions had been to assist individuals, and I used to be incorrect,” Mack told the judge. “I have to take full duty for my conduct and that’s the reason I’m pleading responsible at present. I’m and will probably be a greater individual because of this.”
Mack was scheduled to be sentenced in September 2019, however her sentencing was delayed, and she or he has but to obtain a brand new date, partly attributable to COVID-19 courtroom closures. Within the meantime, Mack wears a monitoring anklet and spends most of her time at her mother and father’ California house.
In an interview with CBS News in September 2020, Mack’s spouse, former Battlestar Galactica actress Nicki Clyne, defended Raniere, NXIVM, and its branding ritual. When requested how Mack was doing, Clyne stated, “I have not been capable of communicate to her for a yr and half. A part of the situations of her bail is that she will be able to’t communicate to anybody who’s affiliated in any means with the case or NXIVM. This has been the toughest, most humbling expertise of my life.”
Nancy Salzman
Nancy Salzman in an episode of The Vow on HBO.
Nancy Salzman, 66, is ready to be sentenced for racketeering. She faces 33 to 41 months in jail and a most effective of $250,000.
Earlier than she met Keith Raniere, Nancy Salzman was a former psychiatric nurse, a skilled hypnotist (in keeping with several sources), and a self-proclaimed professional in neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) — an unproven methodology purported to vary individuals’s ideas through communication strategies.
Salzman and Raniere co-founded NXIVM’s Government Success Packages (ESP) in 1998. The corporate would later turn out to be NXIVM, however ESP remained its “academic” arm, a self-help program that served as a recruiting floor for the pyramid scheme and gateway to the cult. Salzman, who developed the curriculum for ESP, was identified to the group’s members as “Prefect” and served as president of NXIVM and second-in-command to Raniere’s “Vanguard.”
Days after Raniere’s arrest in March 2018, federal brokers raided Salzman’s house in Halfmoon, a suburb of Albany, and seized greater than $520,000 in money, a few of it hidden in shoeboxes, in keeping with The New York Times Magazine. 4 months later, in July 2018, Salzman was arrested alongside together with her daughter Lauren Salzman, NXIVM bankroller Clare Bronfman, and NXIVM bookkeeper Kathy Russell. Salzman was charged with racketeering, particularly id theft and altering data.
In March of 2019, Salzman pleaded responsible, admitting to creating plans to acquire the e-mail consumer names and passwords of perceived enemies of NXIVM, in addition to enhancing recordings and destroying videotapes that the corporate did not need to hand over in a lawsuit. In accordance with the New York Post, she sobbed in courtroom as she apologized for bringing her daughter, Lauren Salzman, into NXIVM. “I would like you to know I’m pleading responsible as a result of I’m, in reality, responsible,” Salzman advised the choose. “I settle for that among the issues I did weren’t simply incorrect, however typically felony. I justified them by saying that what we had been doing was for the better good. I’m deeply sorry for the difficulty I brought about my daughter, the ache I brought about my mother and father. … I nonetheless consider that a few of what we did was good.”
Salzman was launched on $5 million bail till her sentencing, which has but to be scheduled. She is fitted with an ankle bracelet monitor and reportedly lives together with her different daughter, Michelle, in Waterford, New York whereas she awaits sentencing.
Lauren Salzman
Lauren Salzman in The Vow on HBO
Lauren Salzman, 44, is ready to be sentenced for racketeering and racketeering conspiracy. She faces as much as 40 years in jail (20 years for every depend), however is more likely to obtain a lesser sentence for testifying at Raniere’s trial.
The daughter of NXIVM co-founder and president Nancy Salzman, Lauren Salzman served on NXIVM’s govt board, was the corporate’s head of training, and have become one of many “first-line masters” in DOS, the group’s clandestine “grasp/slave” girls’s group.
Lauren Salzman was with Keith Raniere in his Mexico hideout in March 2018, serving to him plan a bunch intercourse recommitment ceremony with a number of of the “first-line” girls, when authorities got here to arrest him, she later testified in courtroom. He hid in a closet, leaving Salzman alone to face the officers, who had been wielding machine weapons. “Every part he taught us was this … what males do, what girls do,” Salzman stated in courtroom. “After which he did not do it — and I did do it.” She referred to as his identify — a mistake she stated she agonized over for months — and officers burst in to arrest him.
4 months later, in July 2018, Salzman was arrested alongside together with her mom, Nancy Salzman, in addition to NXIVM bankroller Clare Bronfman and NXIVM bookkeeper Kathy Russell. Salzman was charged with wire fraud conspiracy and racketeering, particularly trafficking, pressured labor, and extortion.
In March 2019, Salzman pleaded guilty to racketeering and racketeering conspiracy and admitted she had recruited girls to DOS. Two months later, she testified for the prosecution in Raniere’s trial — the one former defendant to take action — and described her personal crimes, the lurid interior workings of the “grasp/slave” intercourse group of which Raniere was “grandmaster,” and the circumstances of his arrest in Mexico. Salzman testified that girls in DOS made vows to turn out to be lifelong “slaves” to Raniere, The New York Times reported, and had been subjected to brutal punishments reminiscent of being whipped with a leather-based strap and standing barefoot within the snow. Salzman admitted to collaborating within the group’s branding rituals, throughout which girls had been pressured to disrobe and have Raniere’s initials branded on their pelvic areas with a cauterizing pen, with out anesthesia. She additionally described the “grasp/slave” pyramid construction and the method for accumulating compromising “collateral” from initiates in an effort to blackmail them — all a part of a plan to implement “complete obedience and secrecy,” she advised the courtroom. Salzman was enlisted to put in writing a handbook for DOS primarily based on Raniere’s teachings. One of many manifesto’s passages proven in courtroom learn, “The very best slave derives the best pleasure from being her grasp’s final software. You give up your life, thoughts, physique for unconditional use.”
Salzman additionally admitted to coercing a girl to signal over a number of financial institution accounts and a automobile, and extra disturbingly, she confessed to protecting a “slave” captive for 2 years after the girl expressed romantic curiosity in a person who was not Raniere, in keeping with The Times-Union. “Of all of the issues that I did on this case and all of the crimes that I admitted to, this was the worst factor I did,” Salzman stated. “What can I say? I saved her in a room for 2 years.” NXIVM leaders deserted the girl on the Mexican border with little cash and no paperwork, Salzman testified.
Salzman, who was launched on bail and required to put on a monitoring anklet, stays beneath home arrest whereas she awaits a sentencing date.
Clare Bronfman
Clare Bronfman arrives at federal courtroom in Brooklyn on Sept. 30, 2020.
Clare Bronfman, 42, was convicted final month of id theft and harboring a girl who was delivered to the US on a faux work visa so Bronfman may exploit her labor. Bronfman was sentenced to just about seven years in jail, and is being held on the Metropolitan Detention Heart in Brooklyn till the prisons bureau decides the place she’s going to serve her sentence. Her attorneys are asking that she stay free whereas she appeals the sentence.
Bronfman is a daughter and heiress of late billionaire Edgar Bronfman Sr., the previous chairman of Seagram’s liquor. Previously a aggressive equestrian, Bronfman was introduced into NXIVM in 2002 by her sister, Sara Bronfman. Quickly thereafter, in keeping with Vanity Fair, the sisters started bankrolling a number of NXIVM tasks whereas attempting to cover their monetary involvement with the group from their father, who disapproved of NXIVM and referred to as it “a cult” in a 2003 interview for a Forbes Magazine function on Keith Raniere.
Clare Bronfman was appointed to NXIVM’s board, and over the subsequent twenty years served because the group’s monetary muscle, sinking some $100 million into the group. She paid for actual property, a personal jet, and lawyer charges, in addition to allegedly protecting Raniere’s failed bets within the commodities market, Vanity Fair reported.
Following Raniere’s arrest in March 2018, Bronfman took over NXIVM, shifting its headquarters from Albany to Brooklyn, close to the detention heart the place Raniere is being held, the New York Post reported. Three months later, the corporate introduced on its web site that it was suspending its operations.
Bronfman was arrested in July 2018, together with NXIVM co-founder Nancy Salzman, DOS chief Lauren Salzman, and NXIVM bookkeeper Kathy Russell. Bronfman was charged with racketeering conspiracy, together with id theft, encouraging and inducing unlawful immigration, and cash laundering. She was launched on $100 million bond and positioned beneath home arrest. In April of 2019, she pleaded responsible to fraudulent use of identification and conspiracy to harbor and conceal immigrants who weren’t in the US legally, Reuters reported. Bronfman admitted that she helped Raniere use the bank card of late NXIVM member Pamela Cafritz after she died of most cancers. She additionally confessed to harboring a Mexican girl who was delivered to the nation on a faux work visa in order that she and NXIVM may exploit her labor.
Regardless of her plea deal, Bronfman has remained loyal to Raniere and NXIVM. In a letter to Senior U.S. District Choose Nicholas Garaufis, she wrote, “Many individuals, together with most of my circle of relatives, consider I ought to disavow Keith and NXIVM, and that I’ve not is tough for them to know and settle for. Nonetheless, for me, NXIVM and Keith vastly modified my life for the higher,” The New York Times reported. She additionally wrote, “I by no means believed I used to be supporting something unhealthy or incorrect, I by no means wished to protect anybody from felony habits, I by no means meant to intimidate individuals,” CNN reported.
On Sept. 30, 2020, Bronfman was sentenced to 81 months (6 years and 9 months) in jail, a harsher sentence than prosecutors had requested for. Choose Garaufis condemned Bronfman for serving as Raniere’s “confederate” in NXIVM’s efforts to threaten, silence, and actual revenge on defectors, utilizing “her wealth and privilege as a sword.” Choose Garaufis was unswayed by Bronfman’s attorneys’ arguments that she was less-to-blame as a result of she was ignorant about DOS till media studies uncovered the “grasp/slave” intercourse group. “Ms. Bronfman got here to study particulars about DOS and confronted a selection as to whose pursuits she would defend: Raniere’s or his victims’,” the choose stated, per the New York Post. “She selected Raniere unequivocally, and to today she has not clearly apologized.” Along with her jail sentence, Bronfman was ordered to pay a effective of $500,000 and greater than $96,000 in restitution to a girl for pressured labor, in addition to to forfeit $6 million in accordance together with her plea deal.
Bronfman was instantly taken to the Metropolitan Detention Heart in Brooklyn, the place Raniere is also being held. However on Oct. 6, 2020, the choose agreed to advocate that Bronfman serve her sentence at a minimum-security facility in Danbury, Connecticut, in keeping with The Times-Union. The prisons bureau will make the ultimate choice. Within the meantime, Bronfman’s attorneys are requesting that she stay free whereas she appeals the sentence, arguing that she has a liver situation that might put her at better threat ought to she contract COVID-19 in jail.
India Oxenberg
India Oxenberg in The Vow on HBO.
India Oxenberg, 29, left NXIVM after Keith Raniere’s arrest. She particulars her expertise in four-part documentary sequence titled Seduced: Inside The Nxivm Cult, which debuted Sunday on Starz.
Oxenberg, the daughter of Dynasty actress Catherine Oxenberg, turned concerned in NXIVM after she and her mom attended an introductory Government Success Packages (ESP) course in 2011.
Over the course of seven years, India Oxenberg turned shut with Raniere and his interior circle, together with Allison Mack, and was recruited to hitch the key “grasp/slave” sorority DOS in 2015. She handed over nude photographs and household secrets and techniques as “collateral”; she was branded with what she was advised was a Latin image for the weather however really was a mixture of Raniere and Mack’s initials; and she or he was tasked with seducing Raniere, she advised People Magazine. Oxenberg stated she was groomed and indoctrinated, telling Vanity Fair that she believed her punishments from Mack, her hunger weight-reduction plan, and her prescribed oral intercourse classes with Raniere had been methods for her to show her power and work by way of intimacy points. “I used to be coerced and manipulated and believed what I used to be doing was serving to me once I was actually simply serving Keith,” she advised Folks.
Oxenberg’s mom, Catherine, staged interventions, labored with defectors and journalists to reveal NXIVM’s felony exercise, delivered proof to the FBI, and even wrote a book interesting to her daughter in an try to attract her out of the cult. However the youthful Oxenberg remained loyal to the group, even after Raniere’s arrest in March 2018. When Mack was arrested the next month, Oxenberg packed up Mack’s belongings for her, however held onto a couple of issues she thought had been too private to place in storage, together with a field of flash drives, she advised Vainness Truthful. Months later, after shifting to her mother’s house in Malibu, Oxenberg determined to see what was on the flash drives and found audio recordings of Raniere “masterminding DOS’s darkest particulars,” in keeping with Vainness Truthful, together with dictating the specifics of the branding rituals and recommending strategies of coercion. “That was an enormous, enormous second for me,” Oxenberg advised the journal. “After I heard these flash drives, I couldn’t return to considering the way in which that I had.”
After she left NXIVM and went to the FBI, Oxenberg intently guarded her privateness, utilizing the subsequent two years to heal and put a long way between herself and over-simplified headlines that labeled her a “intercourse slave.” She designed a mandala-style tattoo to cowl her model. She bought a job as a supervisor of a New York eatery and met a chef at one other restaurant, Patrick D’Ignazio, to whom she is now engaged.
Just lately, Oxenberg has begun to open up about her NXIVM expertise. Throughout coronavirus quarantine she wrote a memoir, titled Still Learning, which launched in audio type on Oct. 27, the identical day Raniere was sentenced to 120 years in jail. And together with filmmakers Cecilia Peck and Inbal B. Lessner, she executive-produced the Starz docuseries Seduced: Inside The NXIVM Cult, which premiered on Oct. 18.
The Starz sequence follows Oxenberg’s personal expertise inside NXIVM, detailing how she slowly turned ensnared.
“I would like to proceed writing and doing work like this,” she advised Vainness Truthful. “I’ve realized a lot from being an EP, and from working with the opposite girls: It’s very reinvigorated me. … I really feel like if there’s something that you are able to do to heal, it is to take your ache and switch it into one thing constructive.”
The Vow, from the Emmy-winning filmmaking group Jehane Noujaim and Karim Amer, will return for Season 2 in 2021. Season 1 is offered to stream on HBO Max. The brand new docuseries Seduced: Inside The Nxivm Cult airs Sundays at 9 p.m. on Starz.